https://ferrebeekeeper.wordpress.com
Timeline
Late 10th century
Founded by Arabian and Iranian settlers (Kilwa).
Late 1200s
Seized the port of Sofala (Eastern City-States and Southern Empires, 424).
1488
Portugal conquered Sofala, Kilwa, and Mombasa and kept for two centuries (Eastern City-States and Southern Empires, 424).
1502
Portuguese explorer Vasco da Gama attacked Kilwa and made the sultan pay tributes (Lloyd)
1505
Francisco d’Almeida attacked Kilwa again to gain more control of it (Decline of Kilwa, An Eastern African City State)
1505-1512
Portuguese occupied and built a fortress called Gereza that still stands today (Decline of Kilwa, An Eastern African City State).
1512
Kilwa captured by Arab mercenary (Decline of Kilwa, An Eastern African City State)
Founded by Arabian and Iranian settlers (Kilwa).
Late 1200s
Seized the port of Sofala (Eastern City-States and Southern Empires, 424).
1488
Portugal conquered Sofala, Kilwa, and Mombasa and kept for two centuries (Eastern City-States and Southern Empires, 424).
1502
Portuguese explorer Vasco da Gama attacked Kilwa and made the sultan pay tributes (Lloyd)
1505
Francisco d’Almeida attacked Kilwa again to gain more control of it (Decline of Kilwa, An Eastern African City State)
1505-1512
Portuguese occupied and built a fortress called Gereza that still stands today (Decline of Kilwa, An Eastern African City State).
1512
Kilwa captured by Arab mercenary (Decline of Kilwa, An Eastern African City State)
http://ourancientworld.com
-Kilwa was a coastal city-state on an island located off the coast of present day Tanzania. It was located in a good spot for trading because it has access to the sea (Eastern City-States and Southern Empires, 422; Kilwa).
-Had a sultan (Lloyd)
-Not much is known about their military. Since it was an island, it can be hypothesized there weren't that many people to build a strong army. Thus, they couldn't hold back Portugal from conquering them.
-Most southern place an Indian ship could get to in monsoon season so goods farther south than Kilwa had to go through Kilwa so that Asian merchants could get them (Eastern City-States and Southern Empires, 424).
-When they seized the port of Sofala, they controlled the overseas trade of gold from southern Africa (Eastern City-States and Southern Empires, 424).
-Muslim city state (Kilwa)
-Ruins stand today, including mosques, Portuguese fort, and the Husuni Kubwa Palace (Kilwa)
-Good area for trading
-Lots of people went through trading, so it had a strong economy
-Suffered attacks from Portugal-Portugal did so much damage that it was abandoned
-Kilwa was a Muslim city state, so 35.2% of people are Muslim in present day Tanzania. However, Christianity has more followers at 61.4% (Sawe). People who practice Christianity and Islam make up half of the world's population.
-In addition to good trade opportunities, being on an island made them vulnerable to attacks.
-They were easily accessible by water on all sides and did not have back up from the mainland.
-Since it was a small island, it would not have had a large population to support an army.
-However, being Muslim may have helped them gained allies because they shared religions
-Had a sultan (Lloyd)
-Not much is known about their military. Since it was an island, it can be hypothesized there weren't that many people to build a strong army. Thus, they couldn't hold back Portugal from conquering them.
-Most southern place an Indian ship could get to in monsoon season so goods farther south than Kilwa had to go through Kilwa so that Asian merchants could get them (Eastern City-States and Southern Empires, 424).
-When they seized the port of Sofala, they controlled the overseas trade of gold from southern Africa (Eastern City-States and Southern Empires, 424).
-Muslim city state (Kilwa)
-Ruins stand today, including mosques, Portuguese fort, and the Husuni Kubwa Palace (Kilwa)
-Good area for trading
-Lots of people went through trading, so it had a strong economy
-Suffered attacks from Portugal-Portugal did so much damage that it was abandoned
-Kilwa was a Muslim city state, so 35.2% of people are Muslim in present day Tanzania. However, Christianity has more followers at 61.4% (Sawe). People who practice Christianity and Islam make up half of the world's population.
-In addition to good trade opportunities, being on an island made them vulnerable to attacks.
-They were easily accessible by water on all sides and did not have back up from the mainland.
-Since it was a small island, it would not have had a large population to support an army.
-However, being Muslim may have helped them gained allies because they shared religions
http://en.lisapoyakama.org
Works Cited
“Decline of Kilwa, An East African City-State.” Sheaworld.files.wordpress.com, sheaworld.files.wordpress.com/2013/04/fall-of-african-empires.doc.
“Eastern City-States and Southern Empires.” World History: Patterns of Interaction, by Roger B. Beck, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Pub. Co., 2012, pp. 422–424.
“Exist Conducting Perhaps Front Hook Can Jumps People Normally Quite Pretty Technique East Coast Africa Map.” Amsterdamcg RSS, 2013, www.amsterdamcg.nl/east-coast-africa-map/exist-conducting-perhaps-front-hook-can-jumps-people-normally-quite-pretty-technique-east-coast-africa-map/.
“The Flag of Tanzania.” Return to Front Page, 5 June 2014, ferrebeekeeper.wordpress.com/2014/06/04/the-flag-of-tanzania/.
“Forgotten Ruins - Review of Great Mosque of Kilwa, Kilwa Masoko, Tanzania.” TripAdvisor, TripAdvisor, 14 Oct. 2018, www.tripadvisor.com/ShowUserReviews-g1932193-d8375618-r624894724-Great_Mosque_of_Kilwa-Kilwa_Masoko_Lindi_Region.html.
Hereafter -- Uruk, ourancientworld.com/Settlement.aspx?id=916.
“Husuni Kubwa Palace.” Agama Tours and Safaris, 2019, www.agamatours.com/index.php/culture/kilwa_kisiwani/.
“Kilwa.” Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 20 June 2017, www.britannica.com/place/Kilwa.
Kowalczyk, Pete. “Unearthing East Africa's Lost Civilization.” CNN, Cable News Network, 19 Oct. 2015, www.cnn.com/2015/10/19/africa/kilwa-rhapta-felix-chami/index.html.
Lafforgue, Eric. “Husini Kubwa Palace In Kilwa Kisiwani, Tanzania.” Flickr, Yahoo!, 26 Nov. 2012, www.flickr.com/photos/mytripsmypics/8220459664.
“LIVE ADVENTUROUSLY BEAUTIFUL MAPS, GLOBES & ATLASES.” Maps.com, Explorer's Club, 2018, www.maps.com/.
Lloyd, Joe. “Kilwa Kisiwani: Ruins Of East Africa's Greatest Empire.” Culture Trip, The Culture Trip, 29 July 2014, theculturetrip.com/africa/tanzania/articles/kilwa-kisiwani-the-ruins-of-east-africa-s-greatest-empire/.
“Map Of Africa.” 5 Regions Of Africa Map, 19 May 2017, mapofafricanew.blogspot.com/2017/05/kilwa-africa-map.html.
Panda, Psyco. “Palace of Husuni Kubwa.” Flickr, Yahoo!, 14 Feb. 2017, www.flickr.com/photos/sui-fong/32741173202.
“Ruins of Kilwa Kisiwani and Ruins of Songo Mnara.” UNESCO World Heritage Centre, UNESCO World Heritage Centre, 2019, whc.unesco.org/en/list/144.
Sawe, Benjamin Elisha. “Religious Beliefs In Tanzania.” World Atlas, Worldatlas, 2 Nov. 2016, www.worldatlas.com/articles/religious-beliefs-in-tanzania.html.
Stanley, David. “Gereza Kilwa Fort.” Flickr, Yahoo!, 23 Apr. 2017, www.flickr.com/photos/davidstanleytravel/33378301514.
“The Story of Africa| BBC World Service.” BBC, BBC, www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/africa/features/storyofafrica/5chapter3.shtml
“The Swahili Civilization.” Lisapo Ya Kama, 8 Jan. 2018, en.lisapoyakama.org/the-swahili-civilization/.
“Eastern City-States and Southern Empires.” World History: Patterns of Interaction, by Roger B. Beck, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Pub. Co., 2012, pp. 422–424.
“Exist Conducting Perhaps Front Hook Can Jumps People Normally Quite Pretty Technique East Coast Africa Map.” Amsterdamcg RSS, 2013, www.amsterdamcg.nl/east-coast-africa-map/exist-conducting-perhaps-front-hook-can-jumps-people-normally-quite-pretty-technique-east-coast-africa-map/.
“The Flag of Tanzania.” Return to Front Page, 5 June 2014, ferrebeekeeper.wordpress.com/2014/06/04/the-flag-of-tanzania/.
“Forgotten Ruins - Review of Great Mosque of Kilwa, Kilwa Masoko, Tanzania.” TripAdvisor, TripAdvisor, 14 Oct. 2018, www.tripadvisor.com/ShowUserReviews-g1932193-d8375618-r624894724-Great_Mosque_of_Kilwa-Kilwa_Masoko_Lindi_Region.html.
Hereafter -- Uruk, ourancientworld.com/Settlement.aspx?id=916.
“Husuni Kubwa Palace.” Agama Tours and Safaris, 2019, www.agamatours.com/index.php/culture/kilwa_kisiwani/.
“Kilwa.” Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 20 June 2017, www.britannica.com/place/Kilwa.
Kowalczyk, Pete. “Unearthing East Africa's Lost Civilization.” CNN, Cable News Network, 19 Oct. 2015, www.cnn.com/2015/10/19/africa/kilwa-rhapta-felix-chami/index.html.
Lafforgue, Eric. “Husini Kubwa Palace In Kilwa Kisiwani, Tanzania.” Flickr, Yahoo!, 26 Nov. 2012, www.flickr.com/photos/mytripsmypics/8220459664.
“LIVE ADVENTUROUSLY BEAUTIFUL MAPS, GLOBES & ATLASES.” Maps.com, Explorer's Club, 2018, www.maps.com/.
Lloyd, Joe. “Kilwa Kisiwani: Ruins Of East Africa's Greatest Empire.” Culture Trip, The Culture Trip, 29 July 2014, theculturetrip.com/africa/tanzania/articles/kilwa-kisiwani-the-ruins-of-east-africa-s-greatest-empire/.
“Map Of Africa.” 5 Regions Of Africa Map, 19 May 2017, mapofafricanew.blogspot.com/2017/05/kilwa-africa-map.html.
Panda, Psyco. “Palace of Husuni Kubwa.” Flickr, Yahoo!, 14 Feb. 2017, www.flickr.com/photos/sui-fong/32741173202.
“Ruins of Kilwa Kisiwani and Ruins of Songo Mnara.” UNESCO World Heritage Centre, UNESCO World Heritage Centre, 2019, whc.unesco.org/en/list/144.
Sawe, Benjamin Elisha. “Religious Beliefs In Tanzania.” World Atlas, Worldatlas, 2 Nov. 2016, www.worldatlas.com/articles/religious-beliefs-in-tanzania.html.
Stanley, David. “Gereza Kilwa Fort.” Flickr, Yahoo!, 23 Apr. 2017, www.flickr.com/photos/davidstanleytravel/33378301514.
“The Story of Africa| BBC World Service.” BBC, BBC, www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/africa/features/storyofafrica/5chapter3.shtml
“The Swahili Civilization.” Lisapo Ya Kama, 8 Jan. 2018, en.lisapoyakama.org/the-swahili-civilization/.